Esta mañana nos ha acompañado en la sesión de nuestro proyecto Manuel Espinosa Urgel, investigador de la Estación Experimental del Zaidín que dirige nuestros proyectos sobre Marte. En la sesión nos ha explicado cómo se ha identificado a los microorganismos a lo largo de la historia, hablándonos de pruebas como la tinción de Gram o de métodos como las baterías de pruebas bioquímicas. Un ejemplo de como estas pruebas nos ayudan a identificar bacterias los tenemos en el test que, dentro del proyecto Ríos de vida, utilizamos para comprobar la presencia de bacterias coliformes en el agua. Finalmente nos ha explicado cómo se lleva a cabo la identificación de microorganismos mediante secuenciación genética. En la entrada anterior también adelantábamos cómo se llevaba a cabo este método.
De los aislados que le llevamos se han seleccionado seis. Y de estos se ha podido amplificar el ADN codificante del ARN ribosómico 16S de cuatro de ellas. La posterior secuenciación se ha hecho en el Instituto de Biomedicina y Parasitología López Neyra, centro que también pertenece al Consejo Superior de Investigaciones científicas. Las secuencias obtenidas son las siguientes:
AISLADO TV1
CTAATACATGCAAGTCGAGCGGAGATAGTGGAGCTTGCTCCATTATCTTAGCGGCGGACGGGTGAGTAACACGTGGGCAACCTGCCCTGCAGATCGGGATAACTCCGGGAAACCGGTGCTAATACCGAATAGTTTGCGGCCTCTCATGAGGCTGCACGGAAAGACGGTTTCGGCTGTCACTGCAGGATGGGCCCGCGGCGCATTAGCTAGTTGGTGAGGTAACGGCTCACCAAGGCCACGATGCGTAGCCGACCTGAGAGGGTGATCGGCCACACTGGGACTGATACACGGCCCAGACTCCTACGGCACGCAGCAGTAGGGAATCTTCCG
AISLADO TV2
GGCCTACACATGCAAGTCGAGCGGATGAAGAGAGCTTGCTCTCTGATTCAGCGGCGGACGGGTGAGTAATGCCTAGGAATCTGCCTGATAGTGGGGGACAACGTTTCGAAAGGAACGCTAATACCGCATACGTCCTACGGGAGAAAGCAGGGGACCTTCGGGCCTTGCGCTATCAGATGAGCCTAGGTCGGATTAGCTAGTTGGTGAGGTAATGGCTCACCAAGGCAGAC
AISLADO PQ2
TACTGCAAGTCGAGCGAATCAGATGGGAGCTTGCTCCCTGAGATTAGCGGCGGACGGGTGAGTAACACGTGGGCAACCTGCCTATAAGACTGGGATAACTTCGGGAAACCGGAGCTAATACCGGATACGTTCTTTTCTCGCATGAGAGAAGATGGAAAGACGGTTTACGCTGTCACTTATAGATGGGCCCGCGGCGCATTAGCTAGTTGGTGAGGTAATGGCTCACCAAGGCGACGATGCGTAGCCGACCTGAGAGGGTGATCGGCCACACTGGGACTGAGACACAGCCCACACTCCTACGGAGGCA
AISLADO PC2
GCTAATACATGCAAGTCGAGCGAATGGATTAAGAGCTTGCTCTTATGAAGTTAGCGGCGGACGGGTGAGTAACACGTGGGTAACCTGCCCATAAGACTGGGATAACTCCGGGAAACCGGGGCTAATACCGGATAACATTTTGAACCGCATGGTTCGAAATATGAAAGGC
A partir de estas secuencias procederemos a la identificación. Para ello nos dirigiremos a las web BLAST de la Biblioteca Nacional de Medicina de Estados Unidos. Lo haremos a través del siguiente enlace: https://blast.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Blast.cgi Nos dirigirá a la siguiente pantalla:
Seleccionaremos la opción Nucleotide BLAST. Nos llevará a la siguiente pantalla:
AISLADO Nº1
ResponderEliminarPlanococcus rifietoensis strain M8:
(Per ident:) 99,09%
E-value: 6e-166
The species are aerobic, motile, flagellated, catalase-positive, and non-sporulating. On culture media they produce circular orange-yellow colonies. This carotenoid pigment is soluble in methanol, but not in water. They can grow in saline environments. They grow at cool or warm temperatures—they are psychrophilous or mesophilic.
They have been isolated in seawater, fish, clams, shrimp, and the soil of Antarctica.
Planococcus is a genus of gram-positive bacteria that belongs to the family Planococcaceae. It groups together mobile species —by one or two flagella—, aerobic, catalase-positive and nitrate reductase-negative.
Geographic location: Savignano Irpino (Italy).
Genes coding for various potentially plant growth promoting properties were identified within its genome.
AISLADO Nº2
Pseudomonas xanthomarina:
(Per ident:) 99,56%
E-value: 2e-112
Is a bacteria which is found in sea squirts unlike other members of the Pseudomonas kind.
Pseudomonas xanthomarina is a Gram-negative, halotolerant, nonfluorescent species growing between 4°C and 40°C. This bacterium is aerobic, rod-shaped, and motile. Isolated from aquatic animals
plants, rhizosphere, polluted soils , oil-contaminated water, mine soil, or cold desert soil , it is able to degrade polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, insecticides and oxidize arsenic. It also displays characteristics of plant growth–promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), such as phosphate solubilization, indole-3-acetic acid production, siderophores production, and endophytism. The strain UASWS0955 was isolated from the biomass of a sewage sludge treatment installation in Croatia.
AISLADO Nº3
1º Peribacillus simplex NBRC 15720
Peribacillus is a genus of rod-shaped bacteria that exhibits Gram-positive or Gram-variable staining that belongs in the family Bacillaceae within the order Bacillales.. The type species for this genus is Peribacillus simplex. and they are aerobic and demonstrate endospore formation under adverse environmental or nutritional conditions. Peribacillus can survive in temperatures ranging from 3°C to 45°C, but optimal growth occurs in the range of 25-37°C.
Per ident: 98,69%
E-value: 4e-149
AISLADO Nº4
1ºBacillus cereus strain IAM 12605:
Bacillus cereus is a bacteria that causes food poisoning. It is a gram positive bacillus. It produces two types of food poisoning: the diarrheal form and the emetic form.
The diarrheal form It’s produced by the diarrheagenic or thermolabile toxin, which is released in the logarithmic phase of growth. It is obtained mainly by the consumption of contaminated vegetables and meats and contaminated sausages. (Bacillus cereus food poisoning is self-limited and it doesn’t require antimicrobial treatment, treatment is symptomatic and rehydration is occasionally necessary).
Bacillus cereus has a wide geographical distribution and has caused poisoning in different countries such as the United States, Finland, Bulgaria, Norway, the United Kingdom, Japan, Colombia, and cases have been reported in Antioquia and Amazonas.
Growth temperatures: minimum is between 15ºC to 20ºC and maximum is between 40ºC to 45ºC with an optimum of 37ºC.
Per ident : 99, 40%
E-value: 6e-80
Webgraphy: wikipedia, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ , https://bagginis.blogspot.com/2014/05/bacillus-cereus.html , https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26808870/ , https://bacdive.dsmz.de/strain/790,